Class: OpenSSL::ASN1::ASN1Data

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Defined in:
ossl_asn1.c,
lib/openssl/asn1.rb,
ossl_asn1.c

Overview

The top-level class representing any ASN.1 object. When parsed by ASN1.decode, tagged values are always represented by an instance of ASN1Data.

The role of ASN1Data for parsing tagged values

When encoding an ASN.1 type it is inherently clear what original type (e.g. INTEGER, OCTET STRING etc.) this value has, regardless of its tagging. But opposed to the time an ASN.1 type is to be encoded, when parsing them it is not possible to deduce the “real type” of tagged values. This is why tagged values are generally parsed into ASN1Data instances, but with a different outcome for implicit and explicit tagging.

Example of a parsed implicitly tagged value

An implicitly 1-tagged INTEGER value will be parsed as an ASN1Data with

  • tag equal to 1

  • tag_class equal to :CONTEXT_SPECIFIC

  • value equal to a String that carries the raw encoding of the INTEGER.

This implies that a subsequent decoding step is required to completely decode implicitly tagged values.

Example of a parsed explicitly tagged value

An explicitly 1-tagged INTEGER value will be parsed as an ASN1Data with

  • tag equal to 1

  • tag_class equal to :CONTEXT_SPECIFIC

  • value equal to an Array with one single element, an instance of OpenSSL::ASN1::Integer, i.e. the inner element is the non-tagged primitive value, and the tagging is represented in the outer ASN1Data

Example - Decoding an implicitly tagged INTEGER

int = OpenSSL::ASN1::Integer.new(1, 0, :IMPLICIT) # implicit 0-tagged
seq = OpenSSL::ASN1::Sequence.new( [int] )
der = seq.to_der
asn1 = OpenSSL::ASN1.decode(der)
# pp asn1 => #<OpenSSL::ASN1::Sequence:0x87326e0
#              @indefinite_length=false,
#              @tag=16,
#              @tag_class=:UNIVERSAL,
#              @tagging=nil,
#              @value=
#                [#<OpenSSL::ASN1::ASN1Data:0x87326f4
#                   @indefinite_length=false,
#                   @tag=0,
#                   @tag_class=:CONTEXT_SPECIFIC,
#                   @value="\x01">]>
raw_int = asn1.value[0]
# manually rewrite tag and tag class to make it an UNIVERSAL value
raw_int.tag = OpenSSL::ASN1::INTEGER
raw_int.tag_class = :UNIVERSAL
int2 = OpenSSL::ASN1.decode(raw_int)
puts int2.value # => 1

Example - Decoding an explicitly tagged INTEGER

int = OpenSSL::ASN1::Integer.new(1, 0, :EXPLICIT) # explicit 0-tagged
seq = OpenSSL::ASN1::Sequence.new( [int] )
der = seq.to_der
asn1 = OpenSSL::ASN1.decode(der)
# pp asn1 => #<OpenSSL::ASN1::Sequence:0x87326e0
#              @indefinite_length=false,
#              @tag=16,
#              @tag_class=:UNIVERSAL,
#              @tagging=nil,
#              @value=
#                [#<OpenSSL::ASN1::ASN1Data:0x87326f4
#                   @indefinite_length=false,
#                   @tag=0,
#                   @tag_class=:CONTEXT_SPECIFIC,
#                   @value=
#                     [#<OpenSSL::ASN1::Integer:0x85bf308
#                        @indefinite_length=false,
#                        @tag=2,
#                        @tag_class=:UNIVERSAL
#                        @tagging=nil,
#                        @value=1>]>]>
int2 = asn1.value[0].value[0]
puts int2.value # => 1

Direct Known Subclasses

Constructive, EndOfContent, Primitive

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Constructor Details

#initialize(value, tag, tag_class) ⇒ ASN1Data

:call-seq:

OpenSSL::ASN1::ASN1Data.new(value, tag, tag_class) => ASN1Data

value: Please have a look at Constructive and Primitive to see how Ruby types are mapped to ASN.1 types and vice versa.

tag: An Integer indicating the tag number.

tag_class: A Symbol indicating the tag class. Please cf. ASN1 for possible values.

Example

asn1_int = OpenSSL::ASN1Data.new(42, 2, :UNIVERSAL) # => Same as OpenSSL::ASN1::Integer.new(42)
tagged_int = OpenSSL::ASN1Data.new(42, 0, :CONTEXT_SPECIFIC) # implicitly 0-tagged INTEGER

Raises:



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# File 'lib/openssl/asn1.rb', line 66

def initialize(value, tag, tag_class)
  raise ASN1Error, "invalid tag class" unless tag_class.is_a?(Symbol)

  @tag = tag
  @value = value
  @tag_class = tag_class
  @indefinite_length = false
end

Instance Attribute Details

#indefinite_length ⇒ Object Also known as: infinite_length

Never nil. A boolean value indicating whether the encoding uses indefinite length (in the case of parsing) or whether an indefinite length form shall be used (in the encoding case). In DER, every value uses definite length form. But in scenarios where large amounts of data need to be transferred it might be desirable to have some kind of streaming support available. For example, huge OCTET STRINGs are preferably sent in smaller-sized chunks, each at a time. This is possible in BER by setting the length bytes of an encoding to zero and by this indicating that the following value will be sent in chunks. Indefinite length encodings are always constructed. The end of such a stream of chunks is indicated by sending a EOC (End of Content) tag. SETs and SEQUENCEs may use an indefinite length encoding, but also primitive types such as e.g. OCTET STRINGS or BIT STRINGS may leverage this functionality (cf. ITU-T X.690).



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# File 'lib/openssl/asn1.rb', line 45

def indefinite_length
  @indefinite_length
end

#tag ⇒ Object

An Integer representing the tag number of this ASN1Data. Never nil.



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# File 'lib/openssl/asn1.rb', line 22

def tag
  @tag
end

#tag_class ⇒ Object

A Symbol representing the tag class of this ASN1Data. Never nil. See ASN1Data for possible values.



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# File 'lib/openssl/asn1.rb', line 26

def tag_class
  @tag_class
end

#value ⇒ Object

Carries the value of a ASN.1 type. Please confer Constructive and Primitive for the mappings between ASN.1 data types and Ruby classes.



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# File 'lib/openssl/asn1.rb', line 19

def value
  @value
end

Instance Method Details

#to_der ⇒ DER-encoded String

Encodes this ASN1Data into a DER-encoded String value. The result is DER-encoded except for the possibility of indefinite length forms. Indefinite length forms are not allowed in strict DER, so strictly speaking the result of such an encoding would be a BER-encoding.

Returns:

  • (DER-encoded String) 


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# File 'ossl_asn1.c', line 693

static VALUE
ossl_asn1data_to_der(VALUE self)
{
    VALUE value = ossl_asn1_get_value(self);

    if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(value, rb_cArray))
	return ossl_asn1cons_to_der(self);
    else {
	if (RTEST(ossl_asn1_get_indefinite_length(self)))
	    ossl_raise(eASN1Error, "indefinite length form cannot be used " \
		       "with primitive encoding");
	return ossl_asn1prim_to_der(self);
    }
}